Alzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) - 1067 Words

Imagine going to the corner store that you have gone to for the past twenty years, once there, you forget how to get home. Imagine going to your grandson’s football game, once there, you forget that your grandson is the boy wearing the number seven on his jersey. Imagine being hungry, going into the kitchen and putting a pot of soup on the stove, once there you forget you are hungry and decide to go to bed. This is life with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a brain disease that slowly eradicates recollection, thinking skills and slowly the ability to perform menial tasks. Alzheimer’s disease is classified as the loss of cognitive functioning-thinking, remembering, and reasoning- and behavioral abilities to such an†¦show more content†¦The distinction between the different forms of dementia and AD is marked by the course of the disease’s progression. Alzheimer’s disease was named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who in 1906 diagnosed changes in the mental status of one of his patients, before and after death, upon dissection of her brain. The symptoms included memory loss, language problems, unpredictable behaviors and mental acuity difficulty. Observing the cross section of a healthy brain and one of an AD patient indicate atrophy of brain tissue. The location of the shrinking indicates the severity of the type of dementia and magnitude of AD. The beginning stages of AD usually take place in the hippocampus portion of the brain. This is the region of the brain where memories are formed. During the atrophy of the disease this area begins to shrink and throughout the duration of the disease it shrinks to the point where this region has little to no functionality. Memory problems are the first signs of cognitive impairment related to Alzheimer’s disease. (**4) However, the symptoms vary from person to person. It does not necessarily have to memory that is an initial symptom. The majority of dementia takes place in the brain. It is the location in the area of the brain atrophy as well as the amount of the brain that is affected that produce patient symptoms. The brain’s 100 billion nerve cells (neurons)

Prison Overcrowding Essay - 3058 Words

Prison Overcrowding In America’s tough economic society, over population has become an exceedingly hot topic issue. However, overcrowding in America’s prison system has been a severe problem since the 1970s. The majority of the changes have come from different policies on what demographic to imprison and for what reason. The perspective of locking up criminals because they are evil is what spawned this (Allen, 2008). Because of this perspective the prison system in America is in need of serious reorganization. Since 1980, most states have one or more of their prisons or the entire system under orders from the federal courts to maintain minimum constitutional standards (Stewart, 2006). The fiscal effects of trying to support such a†¦show more content†¦State taxes will increase because civil litigation regarding institutional burden is increasing. Since 1979 prisoner victims have been winning some substantial money damages ($380,000 in one case) from institutions being sued for breach of prisoners federal civil rights under the cruel and unusual punishment clause of the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. These suits are based upon a failure to protect together with deliberate indifference on the part of institution officials. This principle was first upheld for sexual assaults by the U.S. Supreme Court in Smith v. Wade (1983) and was further elaborated in Farmer. We can see examples of overcrowded jails all over the US and even out of the US. Californias prison system, originally designed for 100,000 inmates, currently houses 173,000 inmates and has resorted to housing approximately 17,000 inmates in makeshift beds in locations like prison gymnasiums(Smith, 2006). High government officials scrambled to find remedies to this problem (Camp, 2004). A $8.3 billion dollar program to establish facilities to provide 53,000 new prison and prison beds were approved as an attempt to resolve the states overcrowded prisons (Stewart, 2006).Show MoreRelatedPrison Overcrowding1187 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This paper will discuss prison overcrowding and what type of numbers have come about over the years when it comes to inmates being imprisoned. It will discuss the cost of a prisoner annually as well as the decision to add verses build when it comes to new facilities. The overcrowding in one particular prison will be touched on as well as whose responsibility it is for upkeep. It will discuss how funding plays a role in overcrowding as well as the â€Å"three strikes† rule in California andRead MorePrison Overcrowding2966 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"Prison Overcrowding: Using Proposals from Nevada and California to Recommend an Alternative Answer† By: Casey Apao For: Dr. Sarri CSN Fall 2010 Dedication: â€Å"I, the undersigned, Casey Apao hereby certify that without the assistance of Henry Apao this Critical Thinking Scientific Paper wouldn’t be done.† Signed , Casey Apao Disclaimer: â€Å"I, Casey Apao hereby certify that this Critical Thinking Scientific Paper is the result of my sole intellectualRead MoreOvercrowding Prisons And The Prisons Essay1785 Words   |  8 PagesAlma Gonzalez Professor Shaw SOC 474OL 11 August 2016 Overcrowding Prisons Prisons were essentially built to accommodate a number of prisoners, but over the years, it has reached over capacity. Today in the United States, there are approximately 193,468 federal inmates that consist of the Bureau of Prisons Custody, private managed facilities and other facilities. The inmates ages range from 18- 65 with the median age being in their late 30’s. This number is counting both male and female populationRead MoreArticle Report On Overcrowding Of Prison Overcrowding1074 Words   |  5 Pages Clark, Charles S. Prison Overcrowding. CQ Researcher 4 Feb. 1994: 97-120. Web. 26 Mar. 2016. This article discusses overcrowding in the United States prison system, due in part to mandatory prison sentences. Additionally, this article also discusses the challenges in managing the overpopulation of prisons and gives an objective look at solutions, to include building more prisons, to combat overcrowding. While the author does not include information about himself and his qualifications, hisRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding1572 Words   |  7 Pagesthe past 30 odd years, California’s prison population has grown by 750 percent (â€Å"California’s Perpetuating Prison Crisis†). As this percentage perpetuates to make substantial gains, inmates are suffering in confinement cells, officials are negotiating over the issue, and the public is protesting to make their opinions count. The prison crisis has continued to grow over the years, causing a great uproar among all of California’s 32 state prisons. Prison overcrowding has been an increasingly vital issueRead MoreThe Overcrowding Of Prison And Massachusetts1261 Words   |  6 PagesAfter exploring options of which states had the most overcrowding in prisons, the best option to go with was California because states like Alabama and Massachusetts did not have current statistics. If anything, their statistics were from 2016 or 2013, making data harder to collect. Therefore, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation website, the most recent report they have of the total population is as of midnight February 8, 2017. The total population is 180,885Read MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding1166 Words   |  5 PagesBlackboard #1: Realignment Prison overcrowding has always been a problem in California prisons. It has been growing over the year and has now lead the United States Supreme Court to take part in trying to find a solution to this problem. Because of this issue, Plata litigation came through and had a significant impact on the way we see community corrections. The ruling in the Plata litigation in turn lead to AB 109 or The Public Safety Realignment Act to be implemented as a solution to California’sRead MorePrison Overcrowding Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pages Prison Overcrowding Nicole Neal American Intercontinental University Abstract This research paper is to explore the impact of prison overcrowding. The United States has a, what seems to be everlasting, prison overcrowding problem. Not only does the United States have this dilemma, but also many other countries have overcrowded prisons as well. Many issues need to be addressed; ways to reduce the prison populations and how to effectively reduce prison cost withoutRead MorePrison Overcrowding And Its Effects934 Words   |  4 Pagesassignment is to take a look at an existing issue within the American criminal justice system which is prison overcrowding and its effects. Imprisonment is the primary means of punishment in American society for crimes (Ross, 2010; Verro, 2010). In fact, the incarceration rate in America surpasses several other developed nations, due to having over two million inmates presently serving time in prison (Brazell, Crayton, Mukamal, Solomon, and Lindahl, 2009; Vacca, 2004). The American criminal justiceRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overc rowding1395 Words   |  6 Pagesthe criminal justice system is prison overcrowding. To examine a nation’s soul, all one has to do is look inside of its prisons. Even though we have 5 percent of the world’s population we have 25 percent of the world’s prison population. The makeup of our prison population range from first time drug offenders to serial killers. Prisons serve a necessary function in society if used properly to keep the worst of the worst of the streets. In the last 40 years prisons has become a hammer where every

Gangs Essay Research Paper The Original law free essay sample

Gangs Essay, Research Paper The Original jurisprudence of the Illinois juvenile tribunal defined a delinquent as: a kid under the age of 16 old ages who has violated any Torahs of the province, or any metropolis or small town regulation. Under the common jurisprudence, kids between the ages of 7 and 16 old ages of could be dealt with as delinquent. Today in 37 provinces and in the District of Columbia, juvenile tribunals are ab initio responsible for all misdemeanors committed by young person under the age of 18. In 10 provinces the age bound is 17 and in three provinces the jurisdictional age is 16, which means that anyone at these ages or above will confront condemnable prosecution. Dependency, disregard, and misdemeanor of educational Torahs have been included in most legal powers of the juvenile tribunals. Juvenile delinquency from a legal province combines the features of societal protection and limitation. Juvenile delinquency may be a contemplation of ethical defects in the households form of life. The parent themselves may be lending to the delinquency of their progenies by the illustration of their ain societal misconduct. The broken place defined as one in which one or both parents are absent because of decease, abandonment, separation, divorce, or a committedness to an establishment, have contributed to juvenile delinquency. Other factors that may lend to the high rate of juvenile delinquency is inordinate poorness, dependence, overcrowding and other hapless place conditions, and the deficiency of parental control or attending. Why do young persons fall in packs? This Question has many replies, and it all depends upon many factors that are Affecting the young person? s life. For some young persons there isn? t a pick, they are born into the activities of packs because of their parents. Others that Don? Ts have a pick are the 1s who are forced in or recruited really strongly. Younger childs about the age of 10 or 11 are chased down by older, bigger and tougher pack members and crush up. They are made to maintain a ticker out for the constabulary at a peculiar clip and topographic point, or keep the drugs or the drug money during a dealing. Those who join voluntarily may be fall ining for the societal relationships and a sense of individuality. Others join for a sense of community, protection from other packs and an overall sense of good being. It is believed that young person packs may hold foremost appeared in Europe or Mexico. No 1 is certain when or why packs emerged in the Untied States. The earliest record of their visual aspect in the United States may hold been every bit early every bit 1783 as the American Revolution ended. They may hold emerged from adolescent playgroups or as a corporate response to urban conditions in this state. Gangs began to distribute across the United States in the early 1800? s, as the industrial revolution was holding an impact on larger metropoliss. In Chicago and other larger metropoliss packs began to flourishes during the industrial epoch, when in-migration and population displacements reached extremum degrees. It is during these rapid population displacements that packs seemed more seeable and violent. It is believed that the original packs were formed by immature adult male arising against their low societal position. These packs came from overcrowded, substandard lodging, hapless o r nonexistent wellness attention installations, and few if any economic chances. The purpose behind these groups may hold been simple camaraderie Born of shared defeat at perceived societal and economic unfairnesss. The United States has seen four distinguishable periods of pack growing and peak activity: the late 1800? s, the 1920? s, the 1960? s, and the 1990? s ( Curry and Decker, 1990 ) . In the early portion of the 19th-century, youth packs in the United States were chiefly Irish, Jewish, and Italian ( Haskins 1974 ; Sante 1991 ) . Harmonizing to resent national jurisprudence enforcement study, the ethnicity of pack members is 48 percent African American, 43 per centum Hispanic, 4 per centum white, and 4 per centum Asian ( Curry, 1996 ) . A study among pupils in the eight class at 11 different sites showed these per centums were different. 31 per centum of the pupils who said that their were gang members were African American, 25 per centum were Hispanic, 25 per centum were white, 5 per centum were Asiatic, and 15 per centum were others ( Esbensenand and Osgood ) . Youth packs are widespread in metropoliss that have a history of pack jobs like Chicago and Los Angeles. It has been said that Chicago has approximately 132 packs with an estimated rank of 30,000 to 50,000 hardcore members. Chicago? s four largest and most reprehensively active packs, the Black Gangster Di sciples Nation, the Latin Disciples, the Latin Kings, and the Vice-Lords history for about two-thirds of all pack motivat ed offenses. Youth packs vary by size and by types. Territorial packs? norm around 180 members ; Specialty packs average about 25 members. In metropoliss where packs have been in being for a long period of clip, the typical age of the pack member is 12 to 24. The mean age of the young person pack member is 17 to 18. African American packs in big metropoliss by and large tend be involve in entrepreneurial activities more than any other ethnic/racial packs. These packs are said to be more involved in drug discourtesies. Latino packs are more involved in sod? related force ; Asians and white Gangs discourtesies deal largely with belongings. Membership in a young person pack involves many unsafe actives the, induction to fall in is an illustration of the danger involved. Daniel Monti the writer and research worker of the book Wannabes Gangs in Suburbs and School interview 400 immature work forces and adult females many of them gang members, to acquire a clearer understanding about history and human nature. In the Book Wannabes several of the young persons describes their induction and traveling through the wannabe procedure before they were approached to go a member of a peculiar pack. There are many different types of inductions, one is being beat up by the members of the pack that you are fall ining. Another type of induction is to hit person, that individual doesn? T necessary have to decease but the act of hiting that person has be done in order to fall in. Youth gang members commit a disproportional portion of discourtesies including nonviolent 1s. Gang force differs from one metropolis to another, one community to another and from one pack to another. In the book Wannabe the most mentioned type of force was that of physically contending members of other packs. The female function in packs is non that much different so that of the males, they are initiated likewise as the males. Most female pack members do non perpetrate the hardcore violent act, their popularity is by and large high due to their sexual activity. Violence inside the pack such as induction serves to intensity the bonds. Most packs are governed by regulations that support utilizing force to settle differences and to accomplish group ends, sod protection and enlargement, and in defence of the pack? s order. Fight is besides a manner of showing stamina and set uping position in the pack. How does a young person acquire out of a pack? One immature adult male says that you lose yourself. This immature adult male was with a pack called the Disciples, his pack did a batch of drug trafficking and he made a sufficient sum of money and was ready to acquire out of the pack. He had prepared a missive to his parents stating them of his engagement, that he had left them some money in the bank, and that this was the lone manner for him to acquire out. It is said that one time you are in the pack that there is no manner out. Some of the other young persons interview by Monti express that wanted out besides, one says that? you can endorse out but you can? t acquire out. ? Another Tells of the process for acquiring out? you if to kill person in your household or acquire beat up by a whole clump of them? . Gangs that have good ties to other local groups and to grownups in their country behave in a more reticent manner. They do non rupture up their ain vicinities and do non intimidate those that live there their community. It is believed that packs like this type of relationship with their community because they need a safe oasis. The community besides provide the pack with information, and the pack need a psychological tie to the community because the societal adhesive is harder to brake. Gangs that have hapless ties to country groups are more likely to destruct belongings and to hassle their neighbours. Gangs are get downing to demo up in communities where they have non been seen before. Gangs are non traveling off, it is believed that a national offense mob built by the larger African American and Latino Gangs was established in Kansas City on April 1993. It is believed that this mob will split the state up into drug districts while still leting the little packs to go on to contend amongst themselves. Bibliography Mentions 1.Butts, J. , A ; Harrell, A. ( 1998 ) . Delinquents or Criminals: Policy Options for Young Offenders. The urban institue. 2. Howell, J. ( 1998 ) . Youth gangs an overview, Juvenile Justice Bulletin. 3. Goldstien, A. P. ( 1991 ) . Delinquent Gangs. ( 5th ed. ) . Chicago: Mcnaughton A ; Gunn 4. Monti, D. ( 1994 ) . Wannabes Gangs in Suburbs an Schools. Cambridge, Ma: Blackwell 5. Shulman, M. H. ( ! 961 ) .Juvenile Delinquency in America. New York: Haprer A ; Brothers.

Occupied America chapter 1 review free essay sample

ZapoteccivilizationIn The first chapter of Occupied America by Rodolfo Acuna, Acuna introduces several types of cultures and civilizations. Rodolfo explains how the cultures had different methods of agriculture, believes and ways of surviving. Many of the cultures or civilizations were extremely advance in technology , we can say talking for their time period. We will write a custom essay sample on Occupied America chapter 1 review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its amazing how they were advance in astronomy and their calendars were amazing. He also talks a lot bout many different civilizations that were around and how they would fight each others and conquer their territories. Its very interesting to get to know each and every single of those civilization. Each of them had their strives and downfalls and its amazing knowing how for instance how the Olmecs were master crafts mens they carved huge heads onto giants rocks with no high tech tools,or machines. Or the Mayans how advance this civilization was in astronomy for their time period. Its very interesting to know what their sacrifices meant to them, And why they did those sacrifices. They did many awful things but for them was a way to keep the gods happy and thus keeping the civilization alive. Im very interested in this book and looking forward to more of this class and learning new and interesting facts. The main themes in chapter one of Occupied America by Rudolfo Acuna are Agriculture and civilization on how they lived and survived. The main them that appealed to me were the Olmec . They were known as the mother culture of mexico . They had so much production of maize in 2000BC that was enough to support a whole village then they also began pottery and it amazed me how the Olmec build thousands of large temples. The Olmec were the first tropical lowland civilizations. The olmec created the calender . They later on passed its organization forms, religion and art to the Maya, Teotihuancan, and aztecs. The themes covered in chapter one consist of background into the rise and fall of several cultures that made up mesoamerica, one of the 6 cradles of civilization. The important role religion played and how that role changed or diminished as time went on was discussed as well as the important role corn had in the development of these cultures. For me the importance of corn to the start of mesoamerica is one of the most interesting things. I was also very interested in the olmeca, how advanced they were and all the mystery surrounding the culture and its alleged demise. In addition reading about the Zapoteca and Mixteca was fascinating to me mainly because of the relationship they had with one another. They were separate but shared art styles and other aspects of their cultures.